Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection has become a major concern for international public health. More than 100 countries are now affected by Dengue virus around the world, predominantly in urban and semi-urban areas. Dengue fever, a potentially lethal syndrome, was first discovered in the late 50s. Today it has affected most Asian countries and has become a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children in the region. Dengue fever is a flu-like illness spread by the bite of an infected female mosquito.
A reaction usually appears 3 to 4 days after the start of the fever. The illness can stay up to 10 days, but complete recovery may take almost a month. Most dengue infections are resulting in relatively mild illness, but some can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever. With dengue fever, the blood vessels start to leak and cause bleeding from the nose, mouth, and gums. Without prompt treatment, the blood vessels can collapse, causing shock-dengue syndrome. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is fatal in about 5 percent of cases, mostly among children and young adults. There is no specific treatment for dengue. Persons affected with dengue fever should drink plenty of fluids and take rest. In order to control bleeding some patients need transfusions.
Symptoms
- High fever up to 105 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Severe headache and body pain.
- Itching and red spots.
- Bleeding from nose and teeth.
- Severe pain behind the eyes.
- Pain of muscles and joints.
- Nausea.
- Vomiting.
- Loss of appetite.
Prevention and control
- At present, the only way of preventing and controlling dengue virus transmission is to combat the vector mosquitoes.
- Dengue mosquitoes are water-borne insect. Properly cover the pots having water e.g. bath buckets and drums etc.
- Fumigation is necessary at all places to avoid spread of Dengue mosquitoes.
- Use of insecticides such as coil mats and sprays etc are necessary.
- People who generally sleep in an open air must use mosquito nets with their beds to prevent mosquito bites.
- Dengue mosquitoes attacks are common between 6 am to 9 am and 4 pm to 10 pm.
- Dengue mosquitoes do not bite in darkness.
- Dengue mosquitoes are born in clean stagnant water.
- Patients should use Paracetamol and avoid using Dispirin.
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